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J3: A Ship’s Boat from the Portus Magnus, Alexandria

為了解決Suggest的問題，作者 這樣論述：

J3, a small boat around 6 meters long, was discovered by the Institut Européen d’Archéologie Sous-Marine (IEASM) in the Eastern Harbor of Alexandria, the ancient Portus Magnus. The boat, dating to the 1-2nd century AD, was discovered towards the northeastern end of Antirhodos Island in the sheltered

inner harbor, well preserved in the sediments.The excavation allowed a team from the IEASM to study the wreck in detail, to reveal the details of the construction of this transom sterned vessel. The ship was flat-bottomed with a prominent keel, the surviving length of which was 4.4 m long. The port

side was completely preserved in the center of the boat from the keel through fourteen strakes to the guard rail. Due to the angle that it came to rest on the harbor bottom, only six lines of strakes were preserved on the starboard of J3. The boat was constructed with a well-developed internal stru

cture with 21 preserved frames. The carvel planking of the ship was assembled with mortise-and-tenon joints cut in the middle of the edges of the planks.The preservation of J3 was such that the remains of two thwarts were discovered still in situ with evidence to indicate the presence of a third row

ing bench. These were accompanied by three thole pins set into the guard rail and the final lines of strakes. The boat was preserved with a mast-step, indicating that it could be sailed as well as rowed.A wide variety of carefully chosen wood species were used in its construction and as is typical f

or the Roman period hard woods used for the keel and frames and softwoods for the planking. These species were not native to Egypt, nor were several of them used in shipbuilding in the eastern Mediterranean during the Roman period. Instead, the suite of timbers used would suggest that J3 originated

in a boatyard on the Tyrrhenian coast of Italy.J3 was transporting a large iron anchor at the moment it sank. This occupied almost the entire preserved length of the ship and was carefully positioned with its crown on the decked aft area and the shank under the removable thwarts. It had been disasse

mbled before stowage in J3 with the stock removed and carefully placed in the bottom of the boat. While typologically similar anchors have also been found in anchorages outside of the Portus Magnus, the majority of this type have been found in the western Mediterranean.

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運用商業管理TRIZ 改善國軍人才招募

為了解決Suggest的問題，作者王銘仁 這樣論述：

國軍的招募員自從2017年開始施行全募兵制後，就扮演了相當重要的角色，需要對青年學子及社會大眾解說國軍的生態與面貌，找尋適合的人才加入國軍，但不是每個人都能接受軍職這項工作，間接的造成了某些軍種招生不易的狀況發生，也因此上級長官開始給予壓力，促使招募人員開始以避重就輕的方試招攬人才，使得社會大眾對國軍開始產生誤解與矛盾，本研究透過設計訪談的方式得出結果來界定問題，接著利用商業管理TRIZ理論中的觀點圖，找出招募工作需要改善的地方與問題，再來透過根源矛盾分析(RCA+)，找到問題與原因的矛盾之處，最後利用矛盾矩陣與四十個發明原理產生創新的招募員管理方案，並透過排列出點子優先順序的方式，選出適合

招募員管理的方案，以產出創新方法與建議解決方案。最終產生五項改善方案，其中之最佳方案為「把原先需要多天完成的行程合理安排合併減少天數」為最理想方案，因其所需準備時間最短，而且無論在招募組組長接受度或資深招募員方面皆能達到最高成效為最佳方案，可以可在短時間內減輕招募員眼前困擾的方法；長期則以成立獨立招募單位管理招募更能徹底解決相關問題。

Archaeology of Mountain Landscapes: Interdisciplinary Research Strategies of Agro-Pastoralism in Upland Regions

為了解決Suggest的問題，作者 這樣論述：

Mountains contain a rich and diverse set of remnants left by human societies. They have been inhabited since prehistory and have been transformed by human activity during prehistorical and historical times, and that history defines mountain landscapes as we know them today. Archaeology of Mountain L

andscapes contains twenty contributions by forty-one specialists currently researching mountain areas in the Americas, Asia, and Europe. The different case studies address the subject diachronically, ranging from prehistory to modern times, and employ a variety of methodological strategies, includin

g archaeological surveys and excavation, paleoenvironmental studies, and historical and ethnographical research. This volume demonstrates how multidisciplinary archaeological fieldwork is radically changing our vision of mountain landscapes. Viewing mountain landscapes as archaeological documents co

ntributes to our understanding of the history of mountain environments and offers new archaeological datasets to use in the interpretation of human societies. Taken together, the essays collected here offer a comprehensive view of current research and suggest new directions for future study. Arnau

Garcia-Molsosa is Marie Sklodowska-Curie Fellow at the McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research at the University of Cambridge in England.

超疏水性在結露狀況下對氣冷式熱交換器性能的影響

為了解決Suggest的問題，作者莫尼實 這樣論述：

濕空氣冷凝是熱管理系統中常見的過程，在冷凍空調循環中尤為重要，冷凝現象發生於當熱交換器，特別是蒸發器，在低於空氣露點的溫度下操作時。此現象將會導致鰭片側的冷凝液滴(膜)滯留(retention)與橋接(bridging),進而造成風機壓降與能耗的增加。本研究旨在開發一種超疏水熱交換器，通過其疏水特性，最大限度地減少冷凝水的滯留和橋接。本研究提出一種新型的超疏水性鰭片換熱器設計構想，採用傾斜鰭片排列以達到最小壓降和最大節能效果。本研究從熱傳與壓降性能的觀點切入，將新型超疏水性傾斜鰭片換熱器與其他換熱器作比較分析，分別為：超疏水水平鰭片換熱器、親水性傾斜鰭片換熱器、與親水性水平鰭片換熱器。此外，

本研究藉由改變不同的操作條件，如：進氣溫度、相對濕度和鰭片間距，對這四種換熱器進行性能測試。親水和超疏水換熱器中分別以膜狀冷凝和滴狀冷凝模式為主。由於其表面的高潤濕性，親水換熱器會有較大的液滴脫落直徑。相比之下，超疏水換熱器中發生的 Cassie-Baxter 液滴模式，促使了較小的液滴脫落直徑。本研究建立了一個力平衡模型來分析液滴脫落直徑，模型參數包括了表面張力、慣性力與重力對液滴的影響。本研究基於韋伯數(We)與邦德數(Bo)與液滴脫落直徑，引入了一個新的無因次參數( )，該無因次參數 可預測表面的凝結水脫落能力，在給定的鰭片間距下， 越小代表凝結水脫落能力越好。研究結果表明，滴狀冷凝的

超疏水換熱器在濕空氣下的冷凝熱傳性能相較膜狀冷凝的親水性換熱器並未有顯著的提升，此結果可歸因於非凝結性氣體效應。然而，在壓降方面，超疏水性換熱器與親水性換熱器相比，可帶來高達70%的壓降降低，大幅提升節能效果。壓降的降低歸因於聚結誘發的液滴跳躍現象，使得冷凝水連續脫落。